Guide to Greenland: Attractions and Sightseeing Activities

Greenland is a one-of-a-kind destination, offering an attractive mix of stunning landscapes and deep-rooted culture, making it a top-choice destination for planning an adventure. Positioned between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, it's a land of dramatic contrasts, from the breathtaking icebergs of Ilulissat to the colourful villages scattered across the island.

For outdoor enthusiasts and nature lovers like me, Greenland's vast wilderness is a paradise for hiking, kayaking, and exploring the magnificent fjords. The top attractions are the aurora borealis, which cast an enchanting glow across the nocturnal heavens, while the Midnight Sun provides long daylight hours for exploration.

Additionally, Greenland's indigenous Inuit culture offers a rich insight into the island's history and traditions. With its intact beauty and remarkable experiences, Greenland is not just a place to visit; it's an adventure waiting to be explored. So, let's go over a few reasons why you should consider visiting this extraordinary island and plunge yourself into its otherworldly wonders.

1. Breathtaking Northern Lights

Also known as the Aurora Borealis, these breathtaking light displays are created by solar particles interacting with the Earth's atmospheric layers, producing beautiful green, pink, and purple colours that dance across the night sky. Due to Greenland's high latitude and minimal light pollution, it's one of the best places in the world to witness this natural wonder.

Travellers often visit destinations like Kangerlussuaq and Ilulissat, where clear skies and nights provide the perfect conditions for viewing the Aurora Borealis. The optimal viewing period to witness the Northern Lights in Greenland is from the latter part of September to the beginning of April when the nights stretch longest. Local travel guides offer valuable insights and can take you to ideal spots for an unforgettable viewing experience.

Just picture standing on a snow-covered landscape, feeling the cold crisp air on your face, while the sky above comes alive with shimmering lights. It's a true testament to nature's incredible beauty. For photography enthusiasts, capturing the Northern Lights is a dream come true, and the resulting photos are memories that will last a lifetime. Observing the Northern Lights should be on your must-do travel list if you're planning a trip to Greenland.

2. Majestic Icebergs and Glaciers

The Ilulissat Icefjord is celebrated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is legendary for its remarkable ice formations. The Sermeq Kujalleq glacier creates an ever-changing landscape by calving enormous icebergs into the fjord. Visitors can take boat tours for a close-up view of these towering ice sculptures, some of which are as tall as multi-storey buildings.

Another must-see is the Eqi Glacier, also known as the calving glacier. It's accessible via boat trips from Ilulissat, and visitors can observe enormous ice formations detaching and plunging dramatically into the ocean, accompanied by thunderous sounds and huge waves. It's a breathtaking spectacle that vividly demonstrates nature's formidable strength.

For those seeking a more immersive experience, guided glacier hikes and ice-climbing adventures are available. Equipped with crampons and ice axes, adventurers can explore the rugged glacial terrain, including crevasses and ice caves.

Greenland's icebergs and glaciers' pristine blue and white colours provide incredible photo opportunities. Whether you're a casual snapper or a professional travel photographer, the striking beauty of these natural wonders will surely be a unique opportunity to photograph.

3. Unique Wildlife Encounters

Greenland is home to diverse wildlife that will attract nature lovers. One of the most remarkable creatures you may encounter is the majestic polar bear, often spotted along the remote eastern and northern coasts. If you're lucky, you might also witness the breathtaking sight of humpback, minke, and fin whales in the waters around Greenland. Summer boat tours in Disko Bay offer fantastic chances to witness these splendid animals nearby.

Seals, including harp, hooded, and ringed seals, are plentiful along Greenland's coastline. Avid birdwatchers will be delighted to catch sight of the numerous seabird colonies nesting along the cliffs and rocky outcrops, including puffins, guillemots, and eider ducks. The elusive Arctic fox and musk oxen can also be spotted roaming the tundra, adding to the island’s rich wildlife.

Guided wildlife safaris provide an immersive experience by allowing visitors to track and observe animals in their natural habitats. Local guides offer intriguing insights into the behaviour and ecology of Greenland’s wildlife. Whether sailing alongside whales or observing a polar bear navigating the ice, the wildlife encounters in Greenland are remarkable and invigorating, creating a deep connection to this untamed and immaculate land.

4. Adventurous Outdoor Activities

Greenland is a fantastic destination for outdoor lovers. It offers many stimulating activities for adventure seekers and nature enthusiasts. Kayaking is widely renowned, allowing adventurers to discover the calm waters of Greenland’s fjords and see icebergs and marine wildlife up close. If you prefer land-based activities, there are plenty of hiking trails in Greenland to explore the island's rugged landscapes, including the famous Arctic Circle Trail between Kangerlussuaq and Sisimiut.

For a traditional and exhilarating experience, dog sledging is a fantastic way to discover the snowy wilderness. Guided expeditions provide an insight into the life of Greenlandic mushers as you traverse pristine terrains. Thrill-seekers can also try heli-skiing in the remote east, where untouched powder slopes and stunning views await.

Fishing enthusiasts will find some of the best fly-fishing opportunities in the world in Greenland, with the chance to catch prized Arctic char. Rock and ice climbing explorations are also available to conquer Greenland’s impressive cliffs and frozen waterfalls.

The island’s distinct geography ensures that every adventure is unique, offering countless opportunities to connect with nature and experience Greenland’s untamed beauty firsthand.

5. Rich Inuit Culture and Heritage

The Inuit community, the original residents of Greenland, possesses a deep-rooted history that stretches back more than four millennia. Their extraordinary knack for adjusting, flourishing in various conditions, and challenging the Arctic environment is inspiring. Activities such as kayaking, skiing, dog sledging, and ice fishing are deeply ingrained in their culture and grant visitors an exclusive insight into their lifestyle.

Greenlandic settlements like Sisimiut and Qaqortoq present a beautiful opportunity to learn about Inuit heritage. Museums such as the Greenland National Museum in Nuuk have extensive collections of artefacts, including traditional clothing, hunting tools, and kayaks, providing valuable insights into the Inuit way of life and survival skills.

The annual Arctic Sounds festival and other local events feature traditional music and dance, allowing visitors to fully engage with the lively manifestations of the Inuit people's culture. Local artisans who create intricate beadwork, sculptures, and traditional garments offer a unique chance to appreciate their craftsmanship.

For a more immersive experience, consider staying with Inuit families to gain a deeper understanding of their daily lives, turning your visit to Greenland into a meaningful cultural excursion.

6. Remote and Tranquil Landscapes

The untouched attraction of Greenland's remote terrains offers an ideal retreat from the tumult of everyday life. The island's vast and wild countryside suits those seeking solitude and introspection. You can explore the expansive tundras, where colourful wildflowers bloom during the brief Arctic summer, adding a vivid contrast to the rugged environment. The majestic fjords, towering cliffs, and calm waters create a genuinely peaceful and inspiring atmosphere.

For those like me wanting a complete break from the world, the isolated village of Ittoqqortoormiit provides a glimpse into life at the edge of civilisation. Here, time appears to stand still, and the only sounds breaking the silence are the waves lapping against the ice and the occasional cry of a seabird. Venturing into the remote areas of Greenland often means not encountering another soul for miles, enabling you to engage with the glory of the natural world completely.

Camping under the Midnight Sun, with its endless daylight, is an unforgettable experience that showcases Greenland’s unique tranquillity. Whether kayaking through silent fjords or simply sitting and absorbing the vast landscapes, the serenity in Greenland's remote areas provides a profound sense of peace and a solid connection to nature.

7. Fascinating History and Archaeological Sites

The island is home to some unique archaeological sites that give us a glimpse into its ancient past. One of the most significant sites is the UNESCO-listed Sermermiut settlement near Ilulissat, where you can explore remnants of ancient Inuit civilisations dating back over 4,000 years. Another noteworthy location is the Qajaa kitchen midden, an archaeological gem filled with well-preserved artefacts that shed light on early Greenlandic life.

In the south, you can find the ruins of Hvalsey Church, the best-preserved Norse ruin in Greenland, which tells the story of the island’s Viking past. Dating back to the 14th century, this site provides a fascinating insight into the daily existence of the Norse settlers who once called Greenland home. Near Nuuk, the capital, you can visit the ancient settlement of Kangeq, where the remains of early Inuit houses provide insights into traditional Inuit architecture and living conditions.

Exploring these historical sites is an educational experience and a journey back in time, allowing you to walk in the footsteps of Greenland’s earliest inhabitants. Each location offers a unique story, adding depth and context to your Greenland adventure.

8. Unique Greenlandic Cuisine

Greenland's food is unique because it reflects the challenging Arctic environment and the creativity of its people. Traditional dishes often include locally sourced ingredients, such as seafood, game, and unique plants. One of the most famous dishes is "kiviak," where small seabirds are fermented inside a seal skin for several months. This dish is usually served for special occasions.

Another noteworthy dish is "sunset," a hearty soup made with seal, whale, or reindeer meat, potatoes, and onions. Fresh fish, especially Arctic char and halibut, are widely enjoyed and usually prepared to highlight their natural flavours. "Mattak," a whale's raw skin and blubber, is considered a delicacy and rich in essential nutrients.

For those with a sweet tooth, there are "kaffemik" gatherings that offer a variety of homemade cakes and pastries, often served with strong coffee. Greenlandic coffee, a warm blend of hot coffee, whiskey, Kahlua, and Grand Marnier topped with whipped cream, is something you shouldn't miss.

Local markets and family-run restaurants are the best places to experience authentic Greenlandic cuisine. Trying out these traditional dishes can give you a deeper understanding of Greenland's culture and the strength of its people.

9. Midnight Sun Phenomenon

During the summer months, especially from late May to late July, Greenland experiences the captivating natural event of the Midnight Sun. This occurs because Greenland is located above the Arctic Circle, where daylight persists around the clock because of the Earth's axial tilt, even at midnight.

Experiencing the Midnight Sun means having continuous daylight, which can be stimulating and disorienting. The constant light creates a surreal atmosphere, allowing for extended outdoor activities such as hiking, kayaking, and wildlife watching.

Just imagine camping under the magical glow of the midnight sun or hiking in the middle of the night without needing any artificial light. Local traditions and festivals often celebrate this unique phenomenon, providing cultural insights and festive experiences.

The Midnight Sun also allows photographers to capture Greenland's surroundings in a soft, golden light that lasts for hours. This endless daytime is more than just a curiosity; it's a vital part of Greenland's natural draw, offering visitors a unique way to experience the island's advantages and wilderness.

10. Sustainable Tourism Practices

Greenland is committed to ensuring that tourism is sustainable and doesn't harm its environment or culture. Therefore, it's working hard to reduce visitors' impact on protecting the environment while taking measures to ensure that tourism benefits local communities. More and more places to stay are using renewable energy and responsibly managing waste.

Tour companies are focused on offering activities that respect nature and wildlife. Adventurers are urged to adhere to Leave No Trace guidelines, such as taking all their trash with them and not disturbing the natural environment. Local communities are also involved in offering authentic experiences that showcase Greenlandic culture, which helps the local economy.

Visitors are encouraged to participate in citizen science projects, like monitoring glaciers and surveying wildlife, to help with crucial environmental research. By making sustainable choices, tourists can help ensure Greenland stays beautiful and culturally rich for future generations. Personally I think this is something other countries that are overly affected by overtourism should actively adopt.

To conclude

Greenland is breathtaking with its incredible landscapes, fascinating culture, and once-in-a-lifetime experiences. Whether you're there to witness the hypnotising Northern Lights or explore ancient archaeological sites, the island offers endless adventures.

Don’t leave without engaging yourself in the Inuit culture, braving the traditional cuisine (although I’m not willing to try it since I’m plant-based), and waking up by the stunning icebergs and glaciers.

Whether you're a nature lover or a history fanatic, Greenland assures you of a genuinely exceptional trip unlike any other place. So, embrace sustainable tourism to help protect this pristine environment and consider Greenland as your next travel destination.

*SHOP THE POST

Be prepared to visit Greenland with these must-have products to enhance your exploration. Stay warm and cosy with an insulated jacket, perfect for the Arctic chill. With a DSLR camera and a drone, you’ll capture breathtaking landscapes and wildlife, which is ideal for professionals and beginners. Don't forget a durable pair of waterproof hiking boots for exploring Greenland's rugged terrains. A compact travel guide to Greenland will provide fascinating insights into the local culture and history. Finally, ensure your travels are smooth with a sturdy and spacious backpack that offers plenty of room for all your essentials. Embrace the adventure and make the most of your trip to this unique destination!

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