Sian Victoria © - Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

Guide to Being an International Student in China: How to Prepare

Studying abroad in China can be an incredible experience for any student, as it offers a rich cultural heritage, a rapidly growing economy, and a vibrant student life. However, proper preparation is key to making the most of this exciting journey. From understanding the visa process to familiarising yourself with the local customs and traditions, it is important to be fully equipped for this educational travel experience.

As someone who spent the summer studying in Chengdu, I have put together a comprehensive guide for every student preparing for a cultural immersion program in China. So, look at my experiences and tips in this guide to get yourself ready to explore one of the most fascinating countries in the world!

1. Being Aware of the Cultural Norms and Practices

To have a successful and enriching experience studying abroad in China, it is essential to go beyond just packing your bags and hopping on a plane. One must also take the time to understand and respect the cultural norms and practices that shape this millennia-old society. From the concept of face, or "mianzi," to the importance of relationships, or "guanxi," there are many elements of Chinese culture that differ greatly from those of the Western world. By embracing and adapting to these cultural practices, one can truly make the most of their time in China.

Perhaps the most important aspect of Chinese social interaction is the concept of face. This refers to a person's reputation and dignity and is something that permeates every aspect of Chinese culture. For example, it is important to approach disagreements or critiques with tact and diplomacy to avoid causing a loss of face. Similarly, accepting compliments with modesty helps others maintain their sense of dignity.

Another important cultural practice in China is the concept of guanxi or relationships. In China, who you know can be just as important as what you know. Building strong, harmonious relationships is essential for success, both socially and professionally. This can be achieved by trying to get to know classmates, professors, and other new acquaintances.

When it comes to greetings, a handshake is a common gesture in China, but it is important to wait for the other person to initiate it. Additionally, showing respect to elders and those in authority by using their correct titles and names is considered vital.

Table manners are also an important aspect of Chinese culture. When using chopsticks, for example, it is important to avoid sticking them upright in a bowl of rice, as it resembles incense sticks used at funerals. Communal dining is also a tradition in China, and it is common for the host to order for everyone.

Finally, it is important to be mindful of public conduct. Loud voices and public displays of affection are generally frowned upon in China, so it is important to be aware of these cultural norms and adapt accordingly. By embracing and adapting to these cultural practices, one can deepen their understanding and appreciation of China's rich cultural practices and have a truly memorable experience studying abroad.

Sian Victoria © - Young girl doing Chinese calligraphy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

2. Learning the Basics of Mandarin

Learning Mandarin can be both exciting and intimidating. As the most widely spoken language in China, having a basic grasp of Mandarin can significantly improve your daily communication and enrich your cultural experience. Starting with essential phrases and greetings can help you navigate local markets, and public transport, and communicate with your peers and professors. There are also many useful language-learning apps, such as Duolingo, HelloChinese, and Pleco, that offer interactive lessons to help improve your vocabulary, pronunciation, and grammar.

Enrolling in a Mandarin language course at your host institution, if available, can be a great way to enhance your learning experience. These courses offer a structured learning environment, immediate feedback from native speakers, and opportunities to practise your language skills in real-life scenarios. Submerging yourself in the language outside the classroom is also important, such as attending language exchange meetups where you can practise Mandarin with Chinese speakers who are looking to learn English. This exchange can help you better understand the tones of the Chinese language and culture.

Remember that learning Mandarin is a long-term commitment, and progress may be slow at first. Don't be discouraged by the initial challenges, such as tones and characters, which are essential but complex for beginners. Instead, focus on the progress you're making, no matter how small. Every new word or phrase you learn is a step closer to a more meaningful and immersive experience in China. Patience, perseverance, and a positive attitude towards learning will be your best allies on this linguistic journey. In the end, the journey of learning Mandarin can be incredibly rewarding, opening doors to new experiences and connections.

Sian Victoria © - Chinese art, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

3. How to Adjust to the Educational System

Adjusting to the academic system in China can prove to be quite a challenge for international students, as it differs significantly from Western academic environments. Chinese educational institutions tend to place a strong emphasis on rote learning and memorisation, with a primary focus on exams, in contrast to the more discussion-based and critical-thinking-oriented approaches adopted in many Western countries.

To successfully adapt to the system, it is essential to familiarise oneself with the academic calendar and programme structure. Chinese universities operate on a two-semester system, starting in September and concluding in July, with an extended break for the Chinese New Year.

In Chinese classrooms, active participation might not be as common or expected as it is in the West, but students are encouraged to engage with their professors and classmates. Demonstrating initiative can leave a positive impression and present more opportunities for learning and interaction.

Respect for authority is a crucial aspect of Chinese culture, and it extends into the classroom. As a result, it is vital to be polite and respectful towards instructors and to understand that confrontation or public questioning may be considered disrespectful.

Finally, international students should endeavour to interact with their Chinese peers actively. Group study sessions offer an excellent way to understand course material better, improve Mandarin language skills, and gain insights into the Chinese approach to studying and academic success.

By embracing these differences, international students can ease their transition into the academic system and enrich their academic experience in China. This opportunity provides a unique chance to develop a new perspective on learning and academic excellence.

4. Visa and Registration Procedures for China

When it comes to preparing to study abroad in China, the visa and registration procedures are an essential step. Your first task is to secure an admission letter from your Chinese institution, which is a crucial requirement for your visa application. Depending on the length of your course, you will need either an X1 visa for long-term study or an X2 visa for short-term courses. To avoid any last-minute hiccups, it's essential to apply for your visa well in advance of your departure date.

Once you have obtained your visa, the next critical step is to register with the local police station within 24 hours of your arrival in China. This is a standard procedure for foreign visitors, and while the university will typically facilitate this process for students residing on campus if you choose to live off-campus, you'll need to handle this step independently. You'll need to have your passport, accommodation details, and any other required documents readily available.

Upon arriving at your university, you'll be required to undergo a medical examination or submit a health certificate. This is mandatory for all foreign students who intend to study in China for more than six months. This medical examination forms a part of the university registration process and is a government regulation. Depending on your home country you may also require vaccinations to enter or for peace of mind, so consider checking with your doctor ahead of time.

Lastly, it's crucial to familiarise yourself with your host institution's specific registration deadlines and procedures. Failing to adhere to these could lead to administrative difficulties that may hinder your study plans. Staying informed and proactive about these official necessities will ensure a smoother transition into academic life in China, allowing you to focus on the enriching experience ahead.

Sian Victoria © - Cafeteria food at Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

5. Experience the Local Cuisine with an Open Mind

To fully immerse oneself in the study abroad experience in China, it is essential to explore the diverse culinary traditions that the country has to offer. From the fiery and bold flavours of Sichuan peppercorns to the delicate and subtle notes of Cantonese dim sum, each region boasts its unique cooking pleasures that are reflective of the immensity and variety of China.

As a student abroad, one should approach these new and sometimes unfamiliar tastes with an open mind and a willingness to embrace an important aspect of Chinese culture. Street food is a staple of daily life in China and provides an affordable and delicious way to sample a wide range of dishes and snacks. Follow the locals to the busiest stalls for the best quality and authenticity, but always exercise caution concerning food hygiene and opt for freshly cooked items.

Dining in China is a communal experience, meant to be shared with friends and family. Accept the opportunity to share dishes, which not only allows for a broader sampling of the menu but also fosters a sense of community and belonging.

One will likely encounter new and unusual flavours and ingredients during their food and drink adventures in China. While some dishes, like Peking duck and Shanghai soup dumplings, may be familiar, others such as stinky tofu or century eggs may challenge one's palate. It is important to have an open mind and be respectful when trying or declining food, as the significance of food in Chinese culture cannot be overstated.

Finally, take the time to learn about the history, ingredients, and cultural significance of the dishes you are sampling. Identifying the distinctions of Chinese cuisine can add a new layer of depth to your culinary journey and bring you closer to truly understanding the rich Chinese culture. By embracing the diverse flavours and traditions of China, you can make each meal not just a moment of sustenance, but a truly enriching and educational experience.

Sian Victoria © - Chinese calligraphy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

6. Ways to get around China on the Public Transport System

To fully explore all that China has to offer, students need to familiarise themselves with the country's extensive and efficient public transport system. Not only is this system incredibly convenient, but it is also an affordable way to travel, allowing students to fully immerse themselves in the local culture and customs.

The first step in navigating China's public transport system is to become familiar with the local metro system. This is often the fastest way to get around major cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou, and metro maps are readily available in both Mandarin and English. By purchasing a transport card, students can simplify their daily commutes and enjoy the convenience of being able to use this card on both buses and metros.

For longer journeys, high-speed trains are an excellent option, connecting major cities across the country in just a matter of hours. To ensure the best prices and seat availability, it is recommended that students book their tickets in advance, either online, at the station, or through various apps. Additionally, students should always have their passports on hand when purchasing train tickets, as this is required for both booking and boarding.

Buses are another affordable mode of transport that can be used for short distances or for exploring areas not covered by the metro. Although bus routes can be challenging to route due to language barriers, many cities have started implementing English signage and announcements to help students find their way around.

Finally, for late-night study sessions or outings where public transport is not available, ride-hailing apps such as Didi Chuxing offer a safe and reliable alternative to taxis. To ensure a smooth ride, it is important to have the destination address written in Mandarin, as this will greatly assist drivers who may not speak English.

By understanding and using China's public transport system, students can not only make their daily lives more manageable, but they can also gain a deeper appreciation for the country's diverse cultures and landscapes. With so many convenient and affordable transportation options available, exploring all that China has to offer has never been easier.

7. Ways to Stay Connected and Handle Internet Restrictions

In China, the government's control of the internet presents a distinct challenge when it comes to digital communication. Popular platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, Google, and WhatsApp are restricted, limiting access to these vital resources. However, there are methods international students can employ to overcome these obstacles, such as using Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). These services encrypt internet connections, allowing for access to otherwise inaccessible sites and services by routing traffic through servers located outside of China.

Before leaving for China, it is recommended that international students research and download reliable VPNs. However, it is important to note that not all VPNs are created equal, as the government may attempt to block certain services. Therefore, it is wise to seek out recommendations from expatriates or other students. Also, be aware that regulations surrounding VPN use in China can change, so it is important to remain informed to ensure compliance.

WeChat, an all-in-one platform for messaging, social media, and mobile payments, is widely used throughout China and can greatly aid in daily communication. By using local apps like WeChat, international students can better adapt to their new environment and stay in touch with friends and contacts within the country. Additionally, setting up a Chinese email account can provide smoother communication with universities and other local contacts, as international email services may face accessibility issues.

By acquainting yourselves with these digital tools and strategies before arrival, international students can more effectively navigate the digital landscape in China despite government restrictions. With proper planning and use of these resources, learners can remain connected and seamlessly transition to their new environment.

8. How to Manage Your Finances Wisely

Successfully managing your finances whilst in China demands a well-rounded combination of planning, discipline, and adaptability. The first step is to create a budget that accounts for all your expenses, including tuition, accommodation, daily living expenses, travel, and leisure activities. To ensure financial stability throughout your study period, it is essential to prioritise your spending, distinguishing between necessities and luxuries.

Exchange rates can have a significant impact on your budget, so it is important to monitor them and exchange currency during favourable rates to save money. Additionally, opening a bank account with benefits for international travellers is advantageous as it helps you manage your day-to-day expenses without incurring currency exchange fees. Alternatively, if you are visiting for a long period, you may want to consider setting up a local bank account. This is a practical step upon arrival since most Chinese institutions and landlords prefer local transactions.

Grasping the cost of living in different cities is crucial when it comes to managing your finances. Cities like Beijing and Shanghai tend to have higher living costs compared to smaller cities or towns such as Chengdu which I found to be affordable. Choosing to eat at local canteens or markets rather than Western restaurants can reduce your food expenses significantly without compromising on the culinary experience.

As a student, it is also important to take advantage of any available student discounts. Many museums, tourist attractions, and even public transport services offer concessions to students, which can result in considerable savings over time. Always carry your student ID with you when exploring or travelling around China.

Lastly, embrace the digital payment culture in China. Alipay and WeChat Pay are popular platforms that offer a convenient and often cheaper alternative to cash transactions for everything from groceries to utility bills. Familiarising yourself with these platforms can also help you track your spending more effectively, ensuring that you stay within your budget and manage your finances wisely during your study abroad adventure in China.

Sian Victoria © - Bowl of spicy noodles, Sichuan, Chengdu, China

My Experience Studying Abroad at Sichuan University in Chengdu

Stepping foot in Chengdu was a whirlwind of emotions. Jet-lagged from a recent trip to Las Vegas and drained from the lengthy flight, the warm welcome from Chinese student volunteers at the airport provided a much-needed comfort. Despite feeling unwell, the excitement of attending the opening ceremony for the University Immersion Programme (UIP 2016) was profound. The ceremony was a vibrant display of international unity, with a charismatic dance performance by students from Harvard this set a fantastic tone for my first day visiting Chengdu.

For two weeks, I was submerged in Chinese traditional painting and calligraphy at the Jiangan campus of Sichuan University. This experience offered an eye-opening view of the vastness and academic spirit of the institution. Although the challenge of battling overwhelming jetlag from travelling to the USA, UK, and China in such a short space of time and adapting to the climate was daunting, my enthusiasm remained solid.

The cultural richness and the chance to immerse myself in the local traditions were beyond compare. Despite the difficulty in creating Chinese paintings and practising calligraphy, these experiences were intriguing and rewarding. The language barrier only added to the challenge, making every little communication a significant step towards understanding the Chinese way of life.

My anticipation to visit the Chengdu panda base towards the end of the trip kept my spirits high. The expectation of meeting these iconic creatures was symbolic of my entire journey. Chengdu, with its unique blend of historical depth and modern vibrancy, offered more than just an academic experience. It was a gateway to understanding China’s heart. This journey was not only about the academic credits but also about the life lessons gathered, the cultural tones appreciated, and the personal boundaries pushed. From the bustling Chengdu city to the serene natural wonders of Mount Qingcheng, China will forever hold a special place in my heart.

Sian Victoria © - Bowl of egg fried rice, Sichuan, Chengdu, China

Things I Struggled with When Studying in China

If like me you are a Westerner, visiting China for the first time may be a challenge for some. Here are some of the experiences I encountered that were a slight culture shock.

Squat toilets: Coming from a Western country, the dominance of squat toilets in China was a significant adjustment for me. The absence of familiar Western-style toilets in many public places presented a challenge, especially when travelling outside major cities.
Coping with the heat: The intense heat during summer months in China was something I was unprepared for. Locals often use umbrellas to shield themselves from the sun, a practice I adopted to make the heat more bearable.
Language barriers and misunderstandings: Even with basic Mandarin skills, daily life and avoiding misunderstandings proved difficult. Simple tasks like ordering food or asking for directions proved to be a little overwhelming at times. So, make sure to learn the language before you go and use photo-to-text translator apps, as these will help you significantly.
Road safety concerns: The traffic in China can be chaotic, with different rules and behaviours than I was accustomed to. Crossing the road required extra caution, and I quickly learned to be more alert and aware of my surroundings. Travelling in an auto rickshaw also known as a tuk tuk and being in the middle seat of a speeding taxi with no seatbelt during floods and a thunderstorm were perhaps the scariest life experiences I’ve had so far.
Encountering stray animals: Seeing stray cats and dogs on the streets, often with visible injuries, was distressing. Coming from a place where such sights are less common, it was a sobering aspect of urban life in China.
Food choices: The variety of food in China is vast, but encountering dishes made from animals considered pets in my home country was shocking. Witnessing a live ginger kitten in a cage placed in direct sunlight being sold for food at a market was particularly upsetting. So, sights like this particularly in less touristed areas are something you need to be prepared for.
Adjusting to local eating habits: Having rice and noodles for breakfast was a new experience for me. Accustomed to Western breakfast foods, adapting to traditional Chinese breakfasts took some time.

Sian Victoria © - Sichuan night life bar, Chengdu, China

To conclude

Studying abroad in China offers a unique opportunity for academic growth as well as a profound cultural and personal experience. Whilst there will certainly be challenges to face, from adjusting to unfamiliar customs to managing daily tasks, each obstacle presents an opportunity to expand your perspective.

By remaining open-minded and pushing beyond your comfort zone, you can release the full potential of this rewarding adventure. With a thirst for knowledge and enthusiasm for the journey, China will undoubtedly have a lasting impact on both your personal and academic growth and should certainly be considered if you are planning a gap year as nowhere is quite like China. It’s a beautiful and fascinating destination to experience and many locals were more than welcoming.

8 Things You Must Know Before Studying Abroad in China